By Jamie Martin
U.S. cattle supplies continued to tighten in 2025, with the USDA reporting a total inventory of 86.7 million head as of January 1. Beef cow numbers fell, while milk cow levels remained steady. Declines were observed across heifers, steers, and bulls, though the calf crop saw only a slight decrease from 2023 levels.
State-level data showed some shifts, with Texas and Oklahoma increasing beef cow numbers while Nebraska and South Dakota saw declines.
Texas also reported a sharp drop in beef replacement heifers. Fewer cattle were grazing wheat pastures in the southern plains, reflecting changing conditions.
The total number of cattle on feed stood at 14.3 million head, slightly lower than the previous year. Small feedlot numbers increased in Iowa and South Dakota but fell in Nebraska by 70,000 head. The number of feeder cattle outside of feedlots also declined, keeping potential feedlot placements tight.
Drought conditions are expanding, especially in Wyoming and along the southern border with Mexico. While feed conditions had been improving, worsening droughts could impact future herd numbers.
With herd expansion still delayed and supplies remaining tight, market conditions suggest continued price support for cattle in the coming months.
Despite a stronger-than-expected calf crop, tight market conditions are expected to persist. Producers will need to monitor feed availability and market trends as 2025 progresses.
Photo Credit: usda
Categories: National